Basic geology

Geology (from Greek γη- (ge-, “the earth”) and λογος (“logos”, “word”, “reason”)) is the science and study of the solid matter of a celestial body, its composition, structure, physical properties, history and the processes that shape it. … Geologycan be split into two main branches: historical and physical.

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The Rock Cycle.

The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Each rock type is altered when it is forced out of its equilibrium conditions. The three main rock types are igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation. Any rock can transform into any other rock by passing through one or more of these processes. This creates the rock cycle. It can melt into magma, erode into sediment, or be pressed tightly together to become metamorphic.

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geology periods

geological period is one of the several subdivisions of geologic time enabling cross-referencing of rocks and geologic events from place to place.These periods form elements of a hierarchy of divisions into which geologists have split the Earth’s history.Eons and eras are larger subdivisions than periods while periods themselves may be divided into epochs and ages.The rocks formed during a period belong to a stratigraphic unit called a system.

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paleontology

Paleontology, sometimes spelled palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch. It includes the study of fossils to determine organisms’ evolution and interactions with each other and their environments. sometimes spelled palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch 

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Stratigraphy

Stratigraphy is a branch of geology which studies rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). scientific discipline concerned with the description of rock successions and their interpretation in terms of a general time scale. It provides a basis for historical geology, and its principles and methods have found application in such fields as petroleum geology …

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Viewing America with Geology Essay

formation of America’s national treasure Yellowstone Park, and even why certain crops are located where they are, it is important to know just how geology affects the United States. There are many different ways how America has changed throughout time, but the evolution in geology is the changing face of America. Work Cited Hussey, Russell C. Historical Geology

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Geology of the Sydney Region

The cutting at Bronte is a section of rock face which made of a sendimetary layer known as Hawkesbury Sandstone. The sandstone is formed by grains of sand being compressed by the pressure of the surface above where it lies. Over time, the pressure results in the grains of sand being fused together to form a sandstone.

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Tsunamis

Following certain earthquakes, very long-wavelength water waves in oceans or seas sweep inshore. More properly called seismic sea waves or tsunamis (tsunami is a Japanese word for “harbour wave”), they are commonly referred to as tidal waves, although the attractions of the Moon and Sun play no role in their formation. They sometimes come ashore to great heights—tens of metres above mean tide level—and may be extremely destructive.

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earthquakes

Earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and “slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

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