Eocene

Eocene rocks have a worldwide distribution. The International Commission on Stratigraphy has recognized several stages and their temporal equivalents on the basis of characteristic rocks and fossils; they are, from earliest to latest, the Ypresian, Lutetian, Bartonian, and the Priabonian. Lower Eocene assemblages are poorly represented in both England and the Patagonian region of South America. Later Eocene vertebrate faunas are somewhat better developed in areas outside of North America; however, it is in North America, especially the western United States, that the most abundant and extensive Eocene terrestrial vertebrate record exists. Eocene rocks were deposited in much the same regions as those of the preceding Paleocene Epoch. During the Eocene, climates were warm and humid—temperate and subtropical forests were widespread, whereas grasslands were of limited extent. During the Eocene, the vertebrates of North America and Europe were very similar; many genera existed in both regions, indicating that an interchange between the regions was possible. Early Eocene faunas mirrored those of the preceding Paleocene with the addition of newer types; however, the archaic Paleocene groups gradually became extinct.

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